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Since the first days of the revelation of the Quran, many attempts have been made to understand its verses. There is a direct relationship between a thoughtful understanding of the verses and the exact translation as well as the meaningful perception of them. Thus, a difficult challenge to translating the holy Quran is to find the exact meaning of the words. One of the Quranic words many translators have tried to avoid is "bayan" in the verse "elmat al-bayan" (Ar-Rahman/4). In other words, the translators have not used an exact meaning for this word. The "semantic square" is one of the models and methods used for representing the semantic deep structure of a text and is based on opposites developed by Algirdas Julien Greimas. Using this square, this research tries to find an exact meaning for the word "bayan", attempting to offer an exact meaning for this word by analyzing the opposites of "sokhan (speaking)" and "sokout (silence). In this respect, the semantic layers corresponding to each of these two words have been analyzed. In the current study, "human speech" has been considered as the common ground. Hence, other sounds such as "hammas" written in some verses are not the focus of this research. The present study shows that the word "bayan" means 'speaking fluently and orate'.    
 

Keywords: Holy Quran, Expression, Semantics, Grimas Semantic Square

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